Improvement in combined latches and locks



VJFRAZEE. Improvement in Combined L atch and Lock, N0. 131,092. PatentedSep.3,1872.

AM Pl/OTU-LIT 1/00 P/l/C 00. ll)! (0550/9/12? PRUCESSJ UNITED S'r'rVITRUVIUS FBAZEE, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOB TO HIM- SELFAND WILLIAM L. BOVYER, OF SAME PLACE.

IMPROVEMENT IN COMBINED LATCHES AND LOCK? Specification forming part ofLetters Patent No. l3l,9%,'dated September 3, 1872.

SPECIFICATION.

Nature and Objects of the Invention.

My invention consists, first, in a pivoted tumbler provided withtraversed edges, in combination with a locking-bar and a slide providedwith two projecting pins; second, in a locking-bar having a slideconnected therewith by means of slots and projections, in combinationwith a tumbler having traversed edges; third, in a slide provided withtwo projecting pins that engage with a tumbler, in combination with alocking-bar, the yoke of a latch-bolt, and the peculiar form of the sideof the key-bit, as will be more fully described hereafter; fourth, in ahub provided with an arm which engages with the latch-bolt, and which isoperated by a crank in such a manner as to secure or withdraw thelatch-bolt, and

7 also that'the latch-bolt may, when required,

be actuated'solely by an ordinary knob.

Figures.

of the keys F F, the plate T, and the stop t. I

Fig. 3 shows the positions of the principal pieces when in an unlockedposition; Fig. 4, an edge view of the locking-bar E with the slide Qattached; Fig. 5, an edge view of the crank H Fig. 6, an elevation ofthe tumbler C; Fig. 7, an edge view of the tumbler C; Fig. 8, anelevation of a modification of my lock with the bolt J withdrawn Fig. 9,an elevation of the crank B; Fig. 10, a section, showing a portion ofthe axis M of the crank, the hub I, and pivot 0; Fig. 11, an elevationof the locking-bar E; Fig. 12, an elevation of the escutcheon; Fig. 13,the key; Fig. 14, an edge view of the slide Q.

General Description. For common use it is intended that the lockcase andinterior works shall be manufactured of cast-iron, and the exteriorparts of brass. For ship and special uses,'however, any approvedmaterials may be used. It is further intended that the lock shall bemanufactured either as a mortise or rim lock, double or single, and withor without the crank H, for banks, bank-safes, offices, stores,dwellings, ships, 860.

1 shall now describe the operation of the lock with its full complementof works, premising it to be in proper position on a door.

From the inner side the ordinary knob K, the crank H, and the key-hole Lare seen, and

from the outer side are seen the ordinary I knob K and the key-hole L.The door can always be opened from the inner side by a movement of thecrank H toward the knob K. The crank H, by its axis M and the bit efitting into the slot f of the hub I, commands the movements of the hubI. The hub I is provided with the arm g, by which the latchbolt J iswithdrawn, Fig. 8, or by which it is looked (as shown in broken lines,Fig. 1) as against any movement of the knob or key on the outer side.The protuberance 7' of the hub serves, conj ointly with the spring N, toretain the crank in its upright position, Fig. 9, and also prevents itfrom jarring out of place when pushed down to lock the bolt. The pivot0, Fig. 10, is used as a center for the hub I, in lieu of a hole in theoutward side of the lock-case, to prevent access to the hub from withoutby means of a gimlet. The projection m prevents the spring N frompressing against the circular portion of the hub I, Figs. 1 and 8. Theaxis of the crank is provided with bits n 0, Fig. 5, for its retentionin the escutcheon Y. The escutcheon is provided with the aperture 1? andnotch 10 for the reception of the axis and bits. The escutcheon isturned with the notch 12 opposite to whatever bit the thickness of thedoor will admit, and screwed fast. To suit doors of different thicknessthe axes of the various cranks should be of different lengths.

When the works are in the position shown in Fig. 1 the door may beunlocked from without by the key F, Fig. 2. The key-bit raises the slideQ and locking-bar E in common. The

2 rainoee slide Q, is attached to the bar E, and has'an independenthorizontal movement. The keybit, in the essential part of its movement,actin g simultaneously on both slide and bar, produces a particularmovement of the slide Q, which is pressed against the portion t t of thekey-bit by the light spring (1 attached to the bar E, corresponding tothe form t t of the key-bit. The edges to and b on the tumbler 0, Fig.6, are cut in such a form that the pins 70 and 1, Fig. 14, of .the slideQ may follow them. Any false movement either to the right or left willrevolve the tumbler on the pivot D in the direction indicated by thearrow and prevent the locking-bar E from being raised sufficiently forthe yoke It to be shot back. In a proper movement, however, thelockingbar and slide are raised, the key-bit passes from the bar E tothe slide Q, and the full movement is finally accomplished, allowing theknob K to be turned and the yoke shot back, Fig. 3, by which movementthe latchbolt J is Withdrawn. The projection? of the bar E now fits intothe gating s of the tumbler G, as shown in Fig. 3. The tumbler should beof a form to balance in any position it may be placed. The strong springS retains the locking-bar E when either up or down, Figs. 3 and 1. Thestop tprevents the key from the outer side from making a completecircuit, so that it has to be turned back to be withdrawn, thus by meansof the hook 0 locking the look, but not preventing the closing of thedoor. The projection 01 of the bar E brings the tumbler G into properposition when brought down, Fig. 1. The door from within is unlocked inthe same manner as from without, and-with the same or a similar key,which acts directly on the same parts. The only difference is that thereis no stop to prevent a full circuit of the key. Thus the door may beunlocked, or, in other words, placed on a free latch from within, andremain so with the key either in or out. The plate T, beveled as at au", and provided with the pins to u, on which the keys turn, forms partof an arrangement by which two similar keys may enter and be in the locksimultaneously, Fig. 2, either of them acting directly and in the samemanner on the same works and parts without interference, and by whicharrangement the key from without may have a stop, it, fixed either tothe plate T or to the lock-case to prevent a complete circuit of the keyand a consequent liability of leaving the door unlocked. And further,that a key may always remain in the look from the inner side, for theconvenience of locking or unlocking the latch. The legs o o of thelocking-bar E have slots 10, Fig. 4, in which the plate T is placed. Theprojections 00 on either side of the plate T, together with thepartitions U V of the case, assist in keeping the plate T in position.The partition U, slide Q, and bar E, block any effective entrance forpicklocks to the secret works. The slots-y y in the slide Q traverse theprojections z z of the bar E. The slot y should only be so long that thegreatest movement of the slide Q to- This leaves about three-twelfths ofan inch of the traversed edges a and 6, measured vertically, intangibleto the gating s, and for which part of the edges no data can be had by alock-picker. The movement in a direction from the latch-bolt is notsufficient, on account of the block a, Figs. 1 and 14, to requireconsideration. The object sought above is to have the greatest amount ofsecret movement commensurate with a horizontal movement of the slide Q,that it may follow, by its point b, any even-shaped key-bit that can beinserted in the key-hole. In larger looks, or locks for banks andspecial purposes, the lengths of the edges a b may be increased, as alsothe key-bit on which they are dependent. The fixed projection X on thelock-case retains the pin it in its proper position when raised abovethe tumbler O. In this case, however, it is only used to economize room.In larger locks the tumbler may be of sufficient dimensions toaccomplish the same purpose.

In Fig. 8 is shown a modification of my improved loeking device, thetumblers A B of which are pivoted at D, and are separated from eachother by the stationary plate d, which is provided with a notch, f, toreceive and retain thepin e of the lever W when in the unlockedposition. There is a pin inserted into the pivot D, with a flat headprojecting sufficiently to protect the tumbler B from the lever W. Thetumbler B is provided with the traversed edge b, and the tumbler A withthe traversed edge a, and each is provided with a gating, g, bevelededges h i, and balancing-arms 7" k. The lever WV has a small notch, Z,immediately adjoining the point an, to allow the point an to follow theside of a key-bit whose outline has one or more indentations ofconsiderable sharpness. The movement of said lever is limited by thestop 0 on the slide G. When the end a of the key-bit and the point oncome together in the turning of the key, the projection 0 on the slide Gshould be just within the gatings g, or else the pin e should restagainst the portion 1) of the separatingplate, so that the lever, byreason of the press ure of the spring q, may be held against moving thetumblers while the key-bit passes the notch l. The tumblers A B arebrought into proper positions in the falling of the slide G by means ofthe beveled portions d d. The slide G is made in two pieces, so that thelever, with its pin 6 and pivot r, in one piece, may be connectedtherewith. The several projections 8, in Figs. 1 and 8, are merely forretaining the pieces on which they are fixed in proper positions.

I claim as my invention-- 4 ersed edges a b, and movable on the pivot D,

- 1ocking bar E, substantially as and for the 1. The tumbler 0 providedwith the travin combination with the pins k I, slide Q, and

purpose hereinbefore set forth.

2. The locking-bar E and slide Q connected therewith by the slots 3 y,in combination with the tumbler 0 having traversed edges a 72,substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth. V

3. The slide Q provided with the pins kl and tumbler O, in combinationwith the locking-bar E, the yoke R, and the portions 75 t of the key,substantially hereinbefore set forth.

as and for the PIHPOSB 4. The hub I provided with the arms g, slot f,and protuberance j, in combination with the latch-bolt J, spring N, axisM, and crank H, substantially as and for the purpose set fortli.

5. The crank H provided with the axis M, on which are the bits 0 n 0, incombination with the escutcheon Y, hub I, arm g, and latch-bolt J,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

VITRUVIUS FRAZEE.

Witnesses: I

FRANK V. SCUDDER, J o. W. GALLOWAY.

